1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada A1B 3X5.
2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Memorial Univ. of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada A1B 3X5 (corresponding author).
3. Professor and Associate Dean, School of Engineering, Univ. of British Columbia, Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.