1. Researcher, Earthquake Research Institute, Univ. of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan (corresponding author).
2. Research Supervisor, Building Research Institute, 1, Tachihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0802, Japan.
3. Associate Professor, Earthquake Research Institute, Univ. of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
4. Professor, Dept. of Architecture, Osaka Univ., 1-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
5. Professor, Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto Univ., Gokasho, Uji City, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan.