1. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Ottawa, 161 Colonel, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5; State Key Laboratory for GeoMechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, China Univ. of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China.
2. Professor, Associate Chair, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Ottawa, 161 Colonel, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5 (corresponding author).
3. Ph.D. Candidate, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Univ. of Ottawa, 161 Colonel, Ottawa, ON, Canada K1N 6N5.