1. Vanier Scholar, Dept. of Civil Engineering, McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L7; on leave, Assistant Lecturer, Structural Dept., Cairo Univ., Giza 12613, Egypt (corresponding author).
2. Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L7. ORCID: .
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering and School of Computational Science and Engineering, McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L7; Director, INTERFACE Institute for Multi-hazard Systemic Risk Studies, McMaster Univ., Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L7.