1. Graduate Research Assistant, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9.
2. Assistant Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9 (corresponding author).
3. Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada T6G 1H9.
4. Director, ALFA Upgrades Inc., Suite 1400, 10665 Jasper Ave., Edmonton, AB, Canada T5J 3S9.