1. Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Dept., Istanbul Technical Univ., Istanbul, Turkey. E-mail: esin.ergen@itu.edu.tr
2. Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Carnegie Mellon Univ., Pittsburgh, PA 15213 (corresponding author). E-mail: bakinci@cmu.edu
3. Researcher, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL 61821. E-mail: Bill.W.East@erdc.usace.army.mil
4. Researcher, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Champaign, IL 61821. E-mail: Jeffrey.G.Kirby@erdc.usace.army.mil