1. Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ., 1954 Hua Shan Rd., Shanghai 200030, P. R. China. E-mail:
2. Associate Professor, Civil,. Environmental, and Architectural Engineering (CEAE) Dept., The Univ. of Kansas, 2150 Learned Hall, 1530 W. 15th St., Lawrence, KS 66045-7609. E-mail:
3. Professor, Dept. of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji Univ., 1239 Siping Rd., Shanghai 200092, P. R. China.
4. Professor, Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, School of Transportation Engineering, Southeast Univ., 2 Sipailou, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, P. R. China.