Introduction: Longitudinal Analysis of Historical-Demographic Data

Author:

Alter George C.1,Gutmann Myron P.2,Leonard Susan Hautaniemi3,Merchant Emily R.4

Affiliation:

1. George C. Alter is Professor of History and Research Professor, Population Studies Center, University of Michigan; Director, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research; and Director, Population Institute for Research and Training, Indiana University. He is the author of, with Muriel Neven and Michel Oris, “Economic Change and Differential Fertility in Rural Eastern Belgium, 1812 to 1875,” in Noriko Tsuya et al. (ed.), Prudence and Pressure: Reproduction and Human Agency in Europe and...

2. Myron P. Gutmann is Professor of History, and Information and Research Professor of Population Studies, University of Michigan; Assistant Director, National Science Foundation. He is the author of Towards the Modern Economy: Early Industry in Europe, 1500–1800 (New York, 1988); editor of, with Glenn D. Deane, Emily R. Merchant, and Kenneth M. Sylvester, Navigating Time and Space in Population Studies (New York, 2011).

3. Susan Hautaniemi Leonard is Research Affiliate, Population Studies Center, and Assistant Research Scientist, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, University of Michigan. She is the author of, with Myron Gutmann and Glenn D. Deane, “Household and Farm Transitions in Environmental Context,” Population and Environment, XXXII (2011), 287–317; with Myron Gutmann, “‘The Farm Should Provide Our Retirement’; Land-Use Plans in the Aging Farm Population of the U.S. Great Plains,” Great...

4. Emily R. Merchant is a doctoral student, Dept. of History, and research area specialist, Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research, University of Michigan. She is the author of, with Myron P. Gutmann et al., “Introduction,” in Gutmann et al. (eds.), Navigating Time and Space in Population Studies (New York, 2011), 1–17; with Melannie D. Hartman et al., “Impact of Historical Land Use Changes on Greenhouse Gas Exchange in the U.S. Great Plains, 1883–2003,” Ecological Applications, XXI ...

Abstract

Understanding the complexity of the historical demographic transition—the secular change from high to low levels of mortality and fertility in Western Europe and the United States during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries—has long been a major goal of historical demography. Recent developments in individual-level life-course databases and longitudinal statistical models have allowed scholars to test ever-more complex hypotheses about the causal factors in demographic change and to develop an increasingly fine-grained image of demographic behavior before, during, and after the transition. Such studies are critical for identifying variation, both between and within societies, obscured by secular trends that appear uniform at the macro-level, and for distinguishing the contingent elements of demographic change from the universal elements. The six articles presented in this special issue bring new substantive and methodological insights to the field of historical demography—revealing the responsiveness of pre-transition fertility to changing contexts, tracking the transmission of new fertility practices, exploring the unevenness of mortality and fertility decline, and documenting the changing role of social institutions in family formation.

Publisher

MIT Press - Journals

Subject

History and Philosophy of Science,History,History and Philosophy of Science,History

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