Measuring Time with Minimal Clocks

Author:

Robu Andrei D.1,Salge Christoph23,Nehaniv Chrystopher L.24,Polani Daniel2

Affiliation:

1. University of Hertfordshire, School of Computer Science, Adaptive Systems Research Group.

2. University of Hertfordshire, School of Computer Science, Adaptive Systems Research Group

3. New York University, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Game Innovation Lab

4. University of Waterloo, Faculty of Engineering, Algebraic Intelligence and Computation Lab

Abstract

Being able to measure time, whether directly or indirectly, is a significant advantage for an organism. It allows for timely reaction to regular or predicted events, reducing the pressure for fast processing of sensory input. Thus, clocks are ubiquitous in biology. In the present article, we consider minimal abstract pure clocks in different configurations and investigate their characteristic dynamics. We are especially interested in optimally time-resolving clocks. Among these, we find fundamentally diametral clock characteristics, such as oscillatory behavior for purely local time measurement or decay-based clocks measuring time periods on a scale global to the problem. We include also sets of independent clocks ( clock bags), sequential cascades of clocks, and composite clocks with controlled dependence. Clock cascades show a condensation effect, and the composite clock shows various regimes of markedly different dynamics.

Publisher

MIT Press - Journals

Subject

Artificial Intelligence,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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