Phase II Trial of 5-Fluorouracil, Docetaxel, and Nedaplatin (UDON) Combination Therapy for Recurrent or Metastatic Esophageal Cancer

Abstract

Abstract Lessons Learned The 5-fluorouracil, docetaxel, and nedaplatin (UDON) regimen was well tolerated and showed promising antitumor activity in terms of both objective response rate and survival for patients with advanced or recurrent esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in the first-line setting. UDON may be an optimal treatment option for patients with advanced esophageal cancer who are unfit for docetaxel, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil regimens. The high response rate as well as the rapid and marked tumor shrinkage associated with UDON suggest that further evaluation of this regimen in the neoadjuvant setting is warranted. Background A phase II study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), docetaxel, and nedaplatin (UDON) combination therapy for untreated recurrent or metastatic esophageal cancer. Methods Patients received intravenous nedaplatin (90 mg/m2) on day 1, docetaxel (35 mg/m2) on days 1 and 15, and 5-fluorouracil (800 mg/m2) on days 1–5 of a 4-week cycle. The primary endpoint was response rate, with secondary endpoints including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), dysphagia score, and adverse events. Results Between March 2015 and July 2017, 23 patients were enrolled. Of 22 evaluable patients, 16 and 4 individuals experienced a partial response and stable disease, respectively, yielding a response rate of 72.7% (95% confidence interval [CI], 49.8%–89.3%) and disease control rate of 90.9% (95% CI, 70.8%–98.9%). Median OS and PFS were 11.2 months (95% CI, 9.1 months to not reached) and 6.0 months (95% CI, 2.5–10.6 months), respectively. Eleven (64.7%) of the 17 patients with a primary lesion showed amelioration of dysphagia after treatment. Frequent adverse events of grade 3 or 4 included neutropenia (87.0%) and leukopenia (39.1%). Febrile neutropenia was observed in two patients (8.7%). Conclusion This phase II study demonstrated promising antitumor activity and good tolerability of UDON.