MBX-102/JNJ39659100, a Novel Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-Ligand with Weak Transactivation Activity Retains Antidiabetic Properties in the Absence of Weight Gain and Edema

Abstract

Abstract MBX-102/JNJ39659100 (MBX-102) is in clinical development as an oral glucose-lowering agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. MBX-102 is a nonthiazolidinedione (TZD) selective partial agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ that is differentiated from the TZDs structurally, mechanistically, preclinically and clinically. In diabetic rodent models, MBX-102 has insulin-sensitizing and glucose-lowering properties comparable to TZDs without dose-dependent increases in body weight. In vitro, in contrast with full PPAR-γ agonist treatment, MBX-102 fails to drive human and murine adipocyte differentiation and selectively modulates the expression of a subset of PPAR-γ target genes in mature adipocytes. Moreover, MBX-102 does not inhibit osteoblastogenesis of murine mesenchymal cells. Compared with full PPAR-γ agonists, MBX-102 displays differential interactions with the PPAR-γ ligand binding domain and possesses reduced ability to recruit coactivators. Interestingly, in primary mouse macrophages, MBX-102 displays enhanced antiinflammatory properties compared with other PPAR-γ or α/γ agonists, suggesting that MBX-102 has more potent transrepression activity. In summary, MBX-102 is a selective PPAR-γ modulator with weak transactivation but robust transrepression activity. MBX-102 exhibits full therapeutic activity without the classical PPAR-γ side effects and may represent the next generation insulin sensitizer.