Proteomic Profiles of Body Mass Index and Waist-to-Hip Ratio and Their Role in Incidence of Diabetes

Author:

Bao Xue12ORCID,Xu Biao1ORCID,Yin Songjiang3,Pan Jingxue2,Nilsson Peter M2ORCID,Nilsson Jan2ORCID,Melander Olle2,Orho-Melander Marju2ORCID,Engström Gunnar2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School , Nanjing , China

2. Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University , Malmö , Sweden

3. The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine , Nanjing , China

Abstract

Abstract Context It is unclear to what extent the plasma proteome of abdominal fat distribution differs from that of body mass index, and whether the differences have clinical implications. Objective To evaluate the difference between the plasma proteomic profiles of body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and then examine the identified BMI- or WHR-specific proteins in relation to incidence of diabetes. Methods Data were obtained from the Malmö Diet and Cancer-Cardiovascular Cohort study in the general community. Participants (n = 4203) with no previous diabetes (aged 57.2 ± 6.0 years, 37.8% men) were included. Plasma proteins (n = 136) were measured by the Proseek proximity extension method. BMI- and WHR-specific proteins were identified at baseline using a 2-step iterative resampling approach to optimize internal replicability followed by β coefficient comparisons. The identified proteins were considered internally replicated and were then studied in relation to incident diabetes by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The main outcome measure was incident diabetes over a mean follow-up of 20.3 ± 5.9 years. Results After excluding 21 overlapping proteins and proteins that did not show significantly different associations with BMI vs WHR, 10 internally replicated proteins were found to be specific to BMI, and 22 were found to be specific to WHR (false discovery rate-adjusted P < .05). Of the WHR-specific proteins, 18 remained associated with diabetes risk after multivariate adjustments, whereas none of the BMI-specific proteins showed associations with diabetes risk. Conclusion Abdominal fat distribution was associated with some unique characteristics of the plasma proteome that potentially could be related to its additional risk of diabetes beyond general obesity.

Funder

Swedish Heart Lung foundation

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province

Swedish Cancer Society

Swedish Medical Research Council

Albert Påhlsson and Gunnar Nilsson Foundations

Lund University Infrastructure

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Endocrinology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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