Hormones and Aging: An Endocrine Society Scientific Statement

Author:

Cappola Anne R1ORCID,Auchus Richard J23ORCID,El-Hajj Fuleihan Ghada4ORCID,Handelsman David J5ORCID,Kalyani Rita R6ORCID,McClung Michael78ORCID,Stuenkel Cynthia A9ORCID,Thorner Michael O1011ORCID,Verbalis Joseph G12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA 19104 , USA

2. Departments of Pharmacology and Internal Medicine, Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI 48109 , USA

3. Endocrinology and Metabolism Section, Medical Service, LTC Charles S. Kettles Veteran Affairs Medical Center , Ann Arbor, MI 48015 , USA

4. Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, WHO Collaborating Center for Metabolic Bone Disorders, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut , Beirut 1107-2020 , Lebanon

5. ANZAC Research Institute, University of Sydney and Andrology Department, Concord Repatriation General Hospital , Sydney 2139 , Australia

6. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21287 , USA

7. Oregon Osteoporosis Center , Portland, OR 97213 , USA

8. Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University , Melbourne, VIC 3000 , Australia

9. Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine , La Jolla, CA 92093 , USA

10. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Virginia , Charlottesville, VA 22903 , USA

11. Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Hypertension, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Boston, MA 02115 , USA

12. Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center , Washington, DC 20057 , USA

Abstract

AbstractMultiple changes occur across various endocrine systems as an individual ages. The understanding of the factors that cause age-related changes and how they should be managed clinically is evolving. This statement reviews the current state of research in the growth hormone, adrenal, ovarian, testicular, and thyroid axes, as well as in osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency, type 2 diabetes, and water metabolism, with a specific focus on older individuals. Each section describes the natural history and observational data in older individuals, available therapies, clinical trial data on efficacy and safety in older individuals, key points, and scientific gaps. The goal of this statement is to inform future research that refines prevention and treatment strategies in age-associated endocrine conditions, with the goal of improving the health of older individuals.

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Endocrinology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

Reference424 articles.

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