Affiliation:
1. Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
2. Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education; National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Changsha, China
Abstract
Abstract
Context
Partial remission (PR) in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is accompanied by downregulation of the immune response. Programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1) are important immunosuppressive molecules, but their changes in the PR phase are unclear.
Objective
We investigated the dynamic changes of PD-1/PD-L1 expression on T cells around the PR phase in T1D.
Methods
Ninety-eight T1D patients were recruited cross-sectionally and grouped according to PR status into nonremitters (individuals who did not undergo PR during the disease course; n = 39), pre-PR (n = 15), mid-PR (n = 30), and post-PR (n = 14) subgroups. PR was defined according to C-peptide level ≥300 pmol/L or index of insulin-adjusted hemoglobin A1c ≤9 as recommended. Among all the 98 patients, 29 newly diagnosed individuals were prospectively followed up for 1 year. The dynamic changes of PD-1/PD-L1 expression, frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and IL-35+ Tregs among peripheral CD4/CD8+ T cells were determined.
Results
PD-1/PD-L1 on CD4+/CD8+ T cells showed a dynamic change around the PR phase: lowest in pre-PR phase, restored in mid-PR phase, and declined again in post-PR phase. Conversely, this pattern did not occur for nonremitters. Notably, PD-1 expression on CD8+ T cells in mid-PR was positively correlated with the length of the PR phase. The percentages of circulating Tregs and IL-35+ Tregs showed no relation to PR.
Conclusions
The PR phase is associated with restoration of PD-1/PD-L1 on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, suggesting that PD-1/PD-L1 may be a potential target for prolonging this phase in T1D.
Funder
National Key R&D Program of China
Science and Technology Major Project of Hunan Province
Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province
Subject
Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Endocrinology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Cited by
26 articles.
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