Impaired Thyroid Hormone Sensitivity Increases Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography

Abstract

Abstract Context Previous studies found inconsistent results on the relationship between thyroid function and cardiovascular risks. Objective This study aimed to investigate the association of thyroid hormone sensitivity with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and cardiovascular death in a euthyroid population undergoing coronary angiography. Methods This prospective cohort study enrolled 1470 euthyroid participants who underwent coronary angiography between March and November of 2013. The participants were followed up from July to November in 2022. Thyrotroph thyroxine resistance index (TT4RI), TSH index (TSHI), and feedback quantile-based index (TFQI) were calculated to evaluate the sensitivity to thyroid hormone. Kaplan–Meier curve and multivariable Cox proportional hazard model were performed to analyze the association between thyroid hormone sensitivity and risk of MACE and cardiovascular death. Results Among 1089 participants who completed the follow-up, 342 cases of MACE and 77 cardiovascular deaths were identified during a medium follow-up duration of 111 months. In the multivariable Cox proportional hazard model, the higher levels of TFQI (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.41; 95% CI, 1.08-1.84; P for trend = .01), TT4RI (HR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.06-1.84; P for trend = .02) and TSHI (HR = 1.61; 95% CI, 1.22-2.13; P for trend = .001) were associated with increased risk of MACE. The higher levels of TFQI (HR = 2.21; 95% CI, 1.17-4.17; P for trend = .02) and TSHI (HR = 2.05; 95% CI; 1.08-3.91; P for trend = .03) were also associated with increased risk of cardiovascular death. Conclusion Impaired sensitivity to thyroid hormone is associated with higher risks of MACE and cardiovascular death in a euthyroid population undergoing coronary angiography.