Altered Emotion Perception Linked to Structural Brain Differences in Youth With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia

Author:

Omary Adam1,Khalifeh Noor1,Cotter Devyn L12,Kim Mimi S3,Choudhury Farzana1,Ahmadi Hedyeh1,Geffner Mitchell E3,Herting Megan M1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA 90032 , USA

2. Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA 90089 , USA

3. Center for Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, and The Saban Research Institute at Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, CA 90027 , USA

Abstract

Abstract Context Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a genetic disorder that results in hormonal imbalances and decreased brain volumes in regions important for emotional processing. Objective To examine whether emotion perception differs between youth with CAH and control youth, and if these differences relate to brain volumes. Methods In this cross-sectional study of 27 youths with CAH (mean age = 12.63 years, 16 female) and 35 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age = 13.03 years, 20 female), each participant rated picture stimuli and completed a 3T structural brain scan. Valence and arousal ratings and reaction times of 61 affective images were assessed. Gray matter volumes were measured by MRI. Results Youth with CAH had lower valence ratings for negative (P = .007) and neutral (P = .019) images. Controls showed differences in reaction times and arousal ratings across stimuli conditions, but youth with CAH did not. Brain volumes of the right amygdala (P = .025) and left hippocampus (P = .002) were associated with valence ratings. Left rostral middle frontal (P < .001) and right medial orbitofrontal cortex (P = .002) volumes were negatively related to valence scores only in youth with CAH, whereas left medial orbitofrontal cortex (P < .001) volumes were associated with valence scores positively in youth with CAH and negatively in controls. Conclusion Findings suggest that youth with CAH perceive emotive stimuli as more unpleasant. Decreased brain volumes in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex are associated with these measures of altered emotion perception in youth with CAH.

Funder

National Institutes of Health

CARES Foundation

Abell Foundation

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Biochemistry (medical),Clinical Biochemistry,Endocrinology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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