Murine Thyroid IL-4 Expression Worsens Hypothyroidism on Iodine Restriction and Mitigates Graves Disease Development

Author:

Merakchi Karima1,Djerbib Sami1,Soleimani Manoocher2,Dumont Jacques-Emile1,Miot Françoise1,De Deken Xavier1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire (IRIBHM), Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , 1070 Brussels , Belgium

2. Department of Medicine, University of New Mexico, School of Medicine , Albuquerque, New Mexico 87106 , USA

Abstract

AbstractCytokines are known to perturb thyroid function and the role of interleukin-4 (IL-4) in the pathogenesis of Graves disease (GD) remains controversial. In our mouse model overexpressing IL-4 in thyrocytes (Thyr-IL4), we have reported that adult mice preserved normal serum thyroxine despite an iodide uptake defect. In the present work, we evaluated if iodine restriction could uncover the thyroid deficiency in Thyr-IL4 animals as well as the role of pendrin overexpression as a compensatory mechanism. Moreover, using an experimental model of GD we investigated the effect of a local expression of IL-4 on the incidence of hyperthyroidism. Thyr-IL4 mice developed more rapidly elevated serum thyrotropin under low-iodine supply with thyroid enlargement and classical histological modifications. These hallmarks of hypothyroidism were all enhanced in Thyr-IL4 mice with complete pendrin invalidation. Following immunization, a lower proportion of Thyr-IL4 animals developed hyperthyroidism. Surprisingly, immunized Thyr-IL4 animals presented numerous leukocyte infiltrates, associated with increased intrathyroidal expression of IFN-γ. We have demonstrated that thyroid deficiency in Thyr-IL4 mice is partially compensated for by the excessive iodide content of the standard chow and the overexpression of pendrin in these animals. Furthermore, we have shown that the local expression of IL-4 in the thyroid attenuates GD progression, which was associated with enhanced thyroid infiltration by immune cells that could negatively affect thyroid function.

Funder

Fonds de la Recherche Scientifique

King Baudouin Foundation

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Endocrinology

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