Cyp17a1 is Required for Female Sex Determination and Male Fertility by Regulating Sex Steroid Biosynthesis in Fish

Author:

Yang Lanying1,Zhang Xuefeng1,Liu Shujun1,Zhao Chenhua1,Miao Yiyang1,Jin Li1,Wang Deshou1ORCID,Zhou Linyan1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fish Reproduction and Development (Ministry of Education), Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science of Chongqing, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China

Abstract

Abstract In teleost fish, sex steroids are involved in sex determination, sex differentiation, and fertility. Cyp17a1 (Cytochrome P450 family 17 subfamily A member 1) is thought to play essential roles in fish steroidogenesis. Therefore, to further understand its roles in steroidogenesis, sex determination, and fertility in fish, we constructed a cyp17a1 gene mutant in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). In XX fish, mutation of the cyp17a1 gene led to a female-to-male sex reversal with a significant decline in 17β-estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) production, and ectopic expression of male-biased markers (Dmrt1 and Gsdf) in gonads from the critical window of sex determination. Sex reversal was successfully rescued via T or E2 administration, and ovarian characteristics were maintained after termination of E2 supplementation in the absence of endogenous estrogen production in cyp17a1–/– XX fish. Likewise, deficiencies in T and 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT) production in both cyp17a1–/– XX sex-reversed males and cyp17a1–/– XY mutants resulted in meiotic initiation delays, vas deferens obstruction and sterility due to excessive apoptosis and abnormal mitochondrial morphology. However, 11-KT treatment successfully rescued the dysspermia to produce normal sperm in cyp17a1–/– male fish. Significant increases in gonadotropic hormone (gth) and gth receptors in cyp17a1–/– mutants may excessively upregulate steroidogenic gene expression in Leydig cells through a feedback loop. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that Cyp17a1 is indispensable for E2 production, which is fundamental for female sex determination and differentiation in XX tilapia. Additionally, Cyp17a1 is essential for T and 11-KT production, which further promotes spermatogenesis and fertility in XY males.

Funder

National Key Research and Development Program of China Blue Granary

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Endocrinology

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