Visceral Obesity and Plasma Glucose-Insulin Homeostasis: Contributions of Interleukin-6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α in Men

Author:

Cartier Amélie12,Lemieux Isabelle2,Alméras Natalie2,Tremblay Angelo3,Bergeron Jean4,Després Jean-Pierre32

Affiliation:

1. Department of Anatomy and Physiology (A.C.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4

2. Québec Heart Institute (A.C., I.L., N.A., J.-P.D.), Hôpital Laval Research Centre, Hôpital Laval, Québec, Canada G1V 4G5

3. Division of Kinesiology (A.T., J.-P.D.), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4

4. Division of Lipid Research Centre (J.B.), Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval Research Centre, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2

Abstract

Abstract Objective: This study examined the relationships of two inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-α, to visceral adiposity and indices of plasma glucose-insulin homeostasis. Research Design and Methods: Plasma levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were measured in 189 untreated asymptomatic men (aged 43.7 ± 7.8 yr; body mass index 29.0 ± 4.3 kg/m2; waist girth 98.6 ± 10.3 cm). Results: Significant and positive associations were found between both cytokines with adiposity and adipose tissue distribution indices (0.15 ≤ r < 0.32; P < 0.05) as well as plasma glucose-insulin homeostasis variables (0.22 ≤ r < 0.28; P <0.05). Comparison of two subgroups, each composed of 32 overweight men (≥25 kg/m2) with similar body mass index values (28.7 kg/m2 in both groups) but with markedly different levels of visceral adipose tissue (< vs. ≥ 130 cm2), revealed significant differences only for IL-6 levels (1.42 ± 1.15 vs. 0.86 ± 0.52 pg/ml; P < 0.02 for men with high vs. low visceral adipose tissue, respectively). Finally, when subjects were stratified on the basis of their respective concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α (using the 50th percentile of their overall distribution), an ANOVA revealed an independent contribution of IL-6 to the variation of fasting insulin (P < 0.01) and each of these two cytokines to the variation of insulin levels measured after a 75-g oral glucose challenge (P <0.01 for IL-6 and P < 0.05 for TNF-α). Conclusions: Because IL-6 appeared to be clearly associated with visceral adiposity, TNF-α rather showed associations with indices of total body fatness. Thus, TNF-α may contribute to the insulin resistance of overall obesity, whereas IL-6 may be one of the mediators of the hyperinsulinemic state specifically related to excess visceral adiposity.

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Biochemistry, medical,Clinical Biochemistry,Endocrinology,Biochemistry,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism

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