T Helper Type 1 and Type 2 Cytokines Exert Divergent Influence on the Induction of Prostaglandin E2 and Hyaluronan Synthesis by Interleukin-1β in Orbital Fibroblasts: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Author:

Han Rui1,Smith Terry J.1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Molecular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles, Medical Center, Torrance, California 90502; and the David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095

Publisher

The Endocrine Society

Subject

Endocrinology

Reference35 articles.

1. Insights into the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated orbitopathy: evolving rationale for therapy.;Kazim;Arch Ophthalmol,2002

2. Immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies on the exenterated orbital tissues of a patient with Graves’ disease.;Hufnagel;Ophthalmology,1984

3. Cytolytic T cells with Th1-like cytokine profile predominate in retroorbital lymphocytic infiltrates of Graves’ ophthalmopathy.;Carli;J Clin Endocrinol Metab,1993

4. Retrobulbar T cells from patients with Graves’ ophthalmopathy are CD8+ and specifically recognize autologous fibroblasts.;Grubeck-Loebenstein;J Clin Invest,1994

5. Molecular cloning and characterization of genes for antibodies generated by orbital tissue-infiltrating B-cells in Graves’ ophthalmopathy.;Jaume;J Clin Endocrinol Metab,1994

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