Indicators of the functional state of the circulatory system among agricultural machine operators

Abstract

Introduction. Identification of functional disorders and prenosological conditions of the circulatory system under the conditions of adverse effects of the occupational environment is a necessary link in the development of measures to prevent health disorders in workers. Materials and methods. The study of functional indicators of hemodynamics, endurance and efficiency, functional reserves of the circulatory system, and ECG dispersion mapping using “Cardiovisor-06s” in eighty five male tractor drivers in agricultural production (agricultural machine operators) was carried out. The average age of the surveyed cases was 42.36±1.2 years, the average work experience in the occupation is 19.61±1.26 years. Results. Agricultural machine operators, whose working conditions are characterized by the influence of working environment factors with a prohypertensive effect, have been established to reveal changes in the indicators of the functional state of the circulatory system and a decrease in the adaptive capabilities of the body, indicating the manifestation of borderline states between the norm and pathology. Between the duration of work experience in the occupation and the level of functioning of the circulatory system, a statistically significant correlation was established (r = 0.53) According to ECG dispersion mapping, individual values of the “Myocardium” microalternation index in 14.3% of the examined cases corresponded to a borderline state close to the initial stage of probable pathology . The most pronounced changes, indicating a violation of cardiometabolic processes, were noted in workers over 40 years. The average values of the “Rhithm” index (RI), which characterizes the integral component of heart rate variability, which is a marker of the adaptive capabilities of the body, were in the range of 21–35% for all examined persons (with a normal value of 0–20%), which corresponded to an increased tension of regulatory systems or a borderline state. Increased individual levels of RI were more often recorded in people over 50 years. Limitations on the study are determined by the area of studying the subject of research in one professional cohort of workers. Conclusion. Early detection of prenosological changes in systemic hemodynamics and adaptation of the circulatory system can be one of the tools to identify the risk group of workers who need to develop and implement measures to prevent diseases of the circulatory system.