Substantiation of marker indicators of diseases of the respiratory organs and the blood system in children with elevated blood levels of copper, nickel and chromium

Abstract

Introduction. An urgent hygienic problem in regions with intensive industrial development is inadequate air quality, which causes unacceptable risks of developing somatic diseases among the population in their places of permanent residence. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the associative relationships of indicators of negative effects on the respiratory organs and the blood system with an elevated blood content of copper, nickel and chromium in children. Materials and methods. A hygienic assessment of the quality of ambient air in residential buildings was carried out, the risk was assessed, chemical-analytical, biochemical, general clinical, immunological and proteomic studies and statistical analysis were performed. Results. Established associative relationships of increased blood levels of copper, nickel and chromium with a change in the indicators of negative effects. Markers of the formation of chronic inflammation, accompanied by an imbalance of cellular and humoral immunity, are a decrease in the phagocytic index and number, overproduction of copper-specific IgG, total IgG; markers of a possible violation of the cascade of enzymatic reactions of the plasma system of blood coagulation and vascular-platelet hemostasis is a decine in the expression of prothrombin, vitronectin and hemoglobin beta subunit; development of induction of oxidative processes including an increase in MDA in blood plasma. Limitations. The conducted study does not make it possible to draw unambiguous conclusions about the effect of the studied chemicals on changes in biochemical and hematological parameters,and as well as morbidity rates, since the possibility of the impact of other factors (heredity, gender and age characteristics) not studied in this work is not excluded. Conclusion. It is expedient to use the obtained results for the implementation of targeted measures to prevent negative consequences on the part of the respiratory system, the immune system, and the blood system, etiopathogenetically associated with the aerogenic combined effect of nickel, chromium and copper oxides.