Approaches to assess the impact of nanoparticles on the human body

Abstract

The analysis of the behavior of nanoparticles in aerosols, their aerodynamic peculiarities and interaction with microparticles was made. The features of nanoparticle cumulation in the air of the working area of industrial premises during the working day, as well as during two, or three-shifts working day are studied; the features of the nanoparticles aggregation in aerosol with their subsequent degeneration into microparticles and further sedimentation are examined. The features of the transcutaneous entry of nanoparticles into a human body are considered. It was pointed out that nanoparticles of various sizes can differ in their physicochemical properties, and, correspondingly, their influence on biological systems. Therefore, it is shown that in order to establish the toxicological hazard of nanoparticles, it is necessary to establish the most sensitive system and weight concentrations of nanoparticles, as well as their most dangerous size range, i.e. it is necessary to take into account the dispersion distribution of nanoparticles. It was demonstrated that the solubility of micro- and nanoparticles can be crucial for assessing their influence on the body in case of the body transcutaneous entry or by inhalation. Possible approaches to assessing the intensity of the effect of nanoparticles on the human body are considered. New methodological approaches to assessing the effect of nanoparticles on the human body are proposed. The complexity and features of the regulation of nanoparticles in the air of the working area are described. It has been proposed to take into account the value of the “absorbed dose” while assessing the effect of aerosols containing micro- and nanoparticles.