The prevalence of eye diseases in the elderly population is a global problem of modernity

Abstract

The priority problem of various industrial and developing countries, which largely determine the health of the population and, above all, older age groups, is currently eye diseases. Most modern researchers consider age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, and cataracts to be eye diseases. Socially significant eye diseases have a high prevalence and are the leading cause of blindness in various countries. Authors analyzed the prevalence of glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, and cataracts according to domestic and foreign publications in recent years. The results of the studies considered in the scientific review indicate a continuing gain in socially significant eye diseases, the frequency of which increases with age. The high incidence of the studied pathology is observed in China, India, and Russia. The study shows socially significant eye diseases to be the most critical problem in various countries, including the Russian Federation. The relevance of this pathology will increase due to the ongoing aging of the population and an increase in their share in the demographic structure of many states. The high prevalence of age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and glaucoma leads to an increase in the number of people on the planet with complete or partial vision loss, which significantly disrupts their social functioning and requires significant financial costs for treatment and ensuring an acceptable level and quality of life. The data presented in the review and obtained results are of practical importance for the organization of monitoring of eye diseases and the development of an appropriate state and health strategy.