Surgical Techniques Ensuring Success in Posterior Endoscopic Cervical Foraminotomy and Discectomy at C6-7 in Patients with Prominent Shoulders and Short Necks

Abstract

Introduction: There is a steep learning curve for a successful posterior endoscopic cervical foraminotomy and discectomy (PECFD), an important surgery for cervical foraminal or lateral disc herniation, and cervical radiculopathy due to a small operation field. PECFD becomes even more challenging in patients who have prominent shoulders and/or short necks with C6–7-disc herniation, because of the difficulty to localize C6–7 vertebral structure under fluoroscopy. The study objective is to prove that the PECFD can be performed safely and successfully to C6–7-disc herniation on patients with prominent shoulders and/or short necks following our novel surgical techniques under fluoroscopic guidance. Materials and Methods: PECFD was performed on a patient who had an extruded foraminal disc herniation at C6–7 on the left with left arm pain and weakness. Due to his prominent shoulders and a short neck, the C6–7 anatomic site was not visible under traditional anterior-posterior (AP) and lateral fluoroscopic views. The authors inserted a reference needle to C4–5 facets between C4 and C5 pedicles under AP and lateral fluoroscopic views. Following the reference needle, the C6–7 facets were easily located with an oblique fluoroscopic view. A large endoscopic cannula was used initially for adequate resection of C6–7 facets, followed by a small cannula for nerve root handling with minimal pressure and discectomy. Results: The novel surgical techniques resulted in a complete resection of the C6–7-disc herniation and resolution of the patient’s radiculopathy with no postoperative complications. Conclusion: PECFD can be safely and successfully applied for C6–7-disc herniation in patients with prominent shoulders and/or short necks using our novel surgical techniques.