ACTIVE UTILIZATION OF THE HEAT OF THE FLUE GASES OF THE BIOFUEL BOILER

Abstract

A brief analysis of external conditions and trends in the use of biomass by burning in boiler installations of centralized heat supply systems in the EU and Ukraine is provided. The dominant role of wood raw materials and the need to improve the technologies of its use in view of the limited available resource and high importance for decarbonization of heat supply and ensuring self-sufficiency of local heat energy systems are noted. The description of the state of technical and economic studies of technologies for increasing the energy efficiency of burning wet wood chips based on the deep utilization of the heat of the output gases of biomass boilers using heat pumps is given. A simulation-optimization model of active utilization is proposed, which allows determining the rational values of the installed and working capacity of condensation economizers and heat pumps, based on the thermal technical characteristics of the fuel, energy characteristics of the boiler and heat pumps, climatic data, temperature schedules of heat supply, technological limitations according to economic criteria: the maximum profit, the minimum equilibrium cost of heat. An example of the calculation of the composition and operating modes of the equipment for the active utilization of the heat of the exhaust gases of a wood chip biomass heating boiler during the heating season, depending on the prices of fuel, electricity and equipment, is presented. It is shown that the optimization of the installed power of the equipment allows to increase the thermal coefficient of useful action by 24 % and to almost halve the payback period of the heating system. Bibl. 32, Fig. 8, Tab. 2.