State of general and occupational health of the population in the global burden of disease in Ukraine and the world

Abstract

STATE OF GENERAL AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH OF THE POPULATION IN THE GLOBAL BURDEN OF DISEASE IN UKRAINE AND THE WORLD Antonina M. Nagorna State Institution «Kundiiev Institute of Occupational Health of National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine», Saksaganskoho Str., 75, Kyiv 01033, Ukraine Introduction. Health is an integral indicator of the success of society's development; its assessment is difficult due to the diversity of its characteristics and is most often carried out by indicators of "illness", such as morbidity, disability, mortality, life expectancy, loss of years of healthy life, etc. Occupational health reflects socio-economic changes, quality of life and working conditions of the population. Occupational diseases, accidents and sudden death cases at the workplace remain the main cause of mortality, morbidity, deterioration of the quality of life of workers and are components of the Global burden of disease for society. Aim: to find out for what reasons people of working age all over the world and in Ukraine get sick, lose their ability to work, become disabled and then die. Materials and methods. Data obtained during the implementation of the "Global Burden of Disease" Project, conducted under the auspices of the United Nations together with the World Bank, the Lancet magazine, the American Institute for Health Measurement and Evaluation (IHME) and the University of Washington, were used for the analysis. In addition, an analysis of the occupational health of workers was carried out using the method of continuous sampling in Ukraine according to indicators of occupational morbidity, occupational injuries, and cases of sudden death at the workplace. A comparative assessment of life expectancy and healthy life expectancy was carried out. Materials for the years 1990 to 2019 were analyzed, before the start of the Covid-19 pandemic and the beginning of the full-scale Russian war against Ukraine. The results. A trend towards a decrease in occupational morbidity, industrial injuries, and an increase in cases of sudden death at the workplace among workers engaged in various types of economic activity has been revealed. Lower indicators of life expectancy at birth and healthy life expectancy by WHO regions and at the global level were determined in Ukraine. Conclusion. General and professional health make a significant contribution to the global burden of diseases in Ukraine, although long-term dynamic observation shows that official statistics does not reflect their real level and requires improvement of regulatory and legal regulation, development of modern information technologies for the detection, registration, accounting and analysis of occupational diseases, accidents at workplace and sudden death cases closer to EU criteria. Keywords: Global burden of disease, occupational health, life expectancy.