Content of cells of innate and acquired immunity in peripheral blood in brain tumors

Author:

Lisianyi MykolaORCID,Hnidkova Iryna,Belska Liudmyla,Palamarchuk Anastasiia,Vaslovych Viktoriia

Abstract

In this work, the level of cells of the innate and acquired immunity, namely leukocytes, neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 168 patients with brain tumors of different histogenesis and anaplasia degree at different stages of surgical treatment was researched. Studies have found that the content of cells of innate and acquired immunity, namely neutrophils, platelets and lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with brain tumors depends on the histogenesis of the tumor and the degree of anaplasia. In neuroectodermal and mesenchymal tumors, neutrophil count is increased and lymphocyte levels are reduced, while in neuroepithelial brain tumors (pituitary adenomas), the ratios between the cells of the innate and acquired immune systems in relation to the comparison group are not changed. In case of malignant glial tumors (glioblastomas) and brain metastases, the absolute content of neutrophils and platelets increases significantly, so does the ratio of N / Lf and Р/Lf cells in the blood compared with benign tumors. In the postoperative period, despite the removal of the bulk of the tumor during surgery, there is no restoration of the content of the studied subpopulations of cells in peripheral blood, which indicates the role of both immunoregulatory tumor and other extra-tumor factors and mechanisms that cause an imbalance of individual parts of the immune system. With repeated operations, the imbalance in the composition of immune cells in the peripheral blood changes depending on the degree of anaplasia: with malignant tumors of glial origin, this imbalance remains at the same level as during primary operations while with benign astrocytomas it increases and approaches the indicators observed in malignant tumors. Indicators of the які спостерігаються при злоякісних пухлинах. Показники співвідношення рівня імунних клітин периферичної крові (Тр / ЛФ, Тр / Нф, Нф / ЛФ) відображають стан вродженого і набутого імунітету і можуть слугувати додатковими показниками особливостей порушень в різних ланках імунної системи та прогнозу клінічного перебігу пухлинного процесу. Ключові слова: пухлини головного мозку, вроджений і набутий імунітет, нейтрофіли, тромбоцити і лімфоцити. Для цитування: Лісяний МІ, Гнідкова ІО, Бєльська ЛМ, Паламарчук АВ, Васлович ВВ. Вміст клітин вродженого та набутого імунітету в периферичній крові при пухлинах головного мозку. Журнал Національної академії медичних наук України. 2019;25(4):397–408.

Publisher

National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine

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