Analysis of initiatives for regulatory provision of formation, preservation and strengthening of reproductive health

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying the legal regulation of the right to reproductive health in Ukraine. The issue becomes relevant due to the growth of negative medical and demographic trends of negative natural growth, population aging, the spread of destructive behavioral stereotypes and poverty of the population of Ukraine, combined with environmental degradation and insufficient physical, territorial and economic availability of quality medical services. In such circumstances, the search for ways to overcome the identified trends, intensify the processes of population reproduction, strengthening its reproductive and labor potential becomes a priority. The aim of the study was a retrospective analysis of the legislative provision of reproductive health, reproductive rights and family planning, maternity protection as the basis for the formation of reproductive health in Ukraine. The materials for the study were domestic and foreign legal framework of legislative and policy documents of the UN, WHO, the World Medical Assembly and the World Bank on the problem. The research methods were: system analysis, bibliosemantic, content analysis. Results. The current norms of international legislation in the field of reproductive health are analyzed, starting with the Charter of Human Rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights, 1948; International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 1966; International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ", 1966; Convention on the Rights of the Child, 1989), a number of treaties and protocols," International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination ", 1961, revised in 1994. ; "Convention relating to the Status of Refugees", 1951, revised in 2002), numerous documents (declarations, covenants, agreements) relevant to the formation of reproductive health, determined the rights of every person and child to life, liberty, security, the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health, affordable health care, gender equality. Resolutions, regulations and declarations developed and approved by the World Medical Assembly (WMA), most of which have been ratified by Ukraine and adapted to the realities of the domestic legal framework in the current post-Soviet legal framework, have also been studied. During the years of independence in Ukraine there was an improvement of legislative regulation of the right to reproductive health in accordance with modern international standards and concepts, most initiatives for the development of this rule in Ukraine had international origins, especially regarding the legal right of every citizen families, opportunities for equal access to medical services in case of reproductive dysfunction, including the need for assisted reproductive technologies. The issues of legislative provision of women's health care before, during and after childbirth, prevention of sexually transmitted infections, reduction of abortions in combination with the program of actions with consolidation of the right of men and women to inform about the range of modern safe and means, contraception, infertility prevention and the possibility of using modern assisted reproductive technologies of family planning, were considered separately. Conclusions. The study concludes that domestic national legislation generally complies with the provisions of international legal acts of a universal nature, the legislative and regulatory framework in the field of reproductive health meets the established principles of public policy and European legislative initiatives ratified by Ukraine. Unstable financing of planned measures affects their effectiveness; state control over the implementation of legislation in this area is ineffective. The current moratorium on the planning and approval of national programs complicates the implementation of previously planned measures. The level of public awareness about the causes of reproductive problems, legislative reproductive rights and ways to prevent diseases remains low. Legal nihilism, combined with the spread of destructive behavioral stereotypes in society, contributes to the deterioration of reproductive health and the health of the general population. Key words: preservation and strengthening of reproductive health, family planning, normative-legal provision.