A Validated High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatographic Method for the Simultaneous Determination of Zofenopril Calcium and Hydrochlorothiazide in the Presence of the Hydrochlorothiazide Impurities: Chlorothiazide and Salamide

Abstract

Abstract The chromatographic analysis of either process-related impurities or degradation products is very important in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, a simple, selective, and sensitive HPTLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of zofenopril calcium (ZOF) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) in the presence of the HCT impurities: A) chlorothiazide (CT) and B) salamide, in raw materials and in pharmaceutical formulation. The separation was carried out on HPTLC silica gel 60 F254 using ethyl acetate–glacial acetic acid–triethylamine (10 + 0.1 + 0.1, v/v/v) as a developing system. The separated bands were scanned densitometrically at 270 nm. Polynomial equations were used for the regression. Calibration curves were constructed for ZOF, HCT, CT, and salamide in the ranges of 0.5–10, 0.2–4, 0.05–1.4, and 0.05–1.0 μg/band, respectively. Different parameters affecting the suggested method, including developing systems of varying composition/ratios and different detection wavelengths, were studied to achieve the best resolution and precision with good sensitivity. System suitability parameters were also tested. The proposed method was validated as per the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines and was successfully applied for the quantification of the studied drugs in their pharmaceutical formulation, with no interference from excipients observed. The results obtained by the developed HPTLC method were compared statistically with those obtained by the reported HPLC method using Student’s t and F ratio tests, and no significant difference was obtained, indicating the ability of the proposed method to be used for routine analysis of drug product.