Non-Verbal Language for Colors: Fact or Artifact?

Abstract

Ryan's (1940) critique of Werner's (1930) results suggested a test of the Langer and Rosenberg (1964) conclusions concerning a “non-verbal language” or “code” for four colors. Langer and Rosenberg's (1964) experiment was replicated using 26 color choices instead of four and only printed materials instead of both vocal and printed stimuli. Their results were not replicated. Two additional tests and five other sets of associational materials were also investigated. The conclusion is that the associational value of words and nonsense syllables for colors is the basis for a more parsimonious explanation of syllable-color associations than one that is based on phonetic symbolism.