Features of thinking and physical education of humanitarian universities students: a review article

Abstract

Background and purpose Physical education in a higher educational institution should be based on students' professional training patterns. That's why the selection of means and methods of physical education for students according to the characteristics of their higher nervous activity deserves special attention. Purpose of the study: to determine whether there are features of higher nervous activity in students of humanitarian specialties and to determine the main directions of motor activity according to the characteristics of the higher nervous activity of students of humanitarian specialties. Material and methods The literature analysis was carried out based on a search in the scientometric databases Scopus and Web of Science, as well as based on data analysis in the PubMed and Google Scholar searches. The search was carried out using the keywords “psychophysiology”, “higher nervous activity”, “psychological types”, “students”, “humanitarian specialties”, technical specialties”, and “physical education”. The search was carried out as follows. First, one of the keywords was entered, then the search was refined using other keywords. In total, out of 1345 sources, 26 were selected that were most relevant to the topic of our research. Results It has been established that the problem of increasing the level of professionalism in any type of activity, including in the humanitarian professions, requires high levels of health and certain psychophysiological properties and characteristics of thinking. In this regard, physical education at universities should combine physical training and, psychological, and intellectual development of students. Certain features in the processes of higher nervous activity among representatives of humanitarian and technical specialties are shown: humanitarian professions require greater development of the artistic type of thinking, and technical professions require greater development of the logical type of thinking. Conclusions Based on the characteristics of the higher nervous activity of students of humanitarian specialties (the predominance of the artistic type), the following recommendations can be given regarding the use of means and methods of physical education: the use of aerobic-anaerobic exercises that require the mobility of the nervous system in combination with the general endurance of the body. Such exercises include team sports, martial arts, walking or running at a variable pace, gymnastic exercises of various types, and others.