Affiliation:
1. College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering Jimei University Xiamen Fujian China
2. Academy of Food Interdisciplinary Science School of Food Science and Technology Dalian Polytechnic University Dalian China
3. State Key Lab of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control National Engineering Research Center of Seafood Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing Nutrition and Health Food Pilot Base of Liaoning Dalian Dalian China
Abstract
AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) are found everywhere in different biofluids such as blood, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and breast milk. They have sizes ranging from 20 to 400 nm and contain a wide range of cargo, including membrane proteins, periplasmic proteins, and nucleic acids. EVs possess the remarkable ability to diffuse, traverse the mucus layer, migrate directly to other tissues, and interact with various cells of the host immune system. Consequently, researchers have harnessed their potential as delivery carriers for novel immuno‐drugs or bioactive components. The separation of EVs from food can be considered a safe and effective method for harnessing their beneficial effects. In this guide, we present isolation protocols for natural EVs derived from plants, dairy products, cells, and microbes. This includes steps for raw material processing or culture as well as conditions for separation and purification. Moreover, these protocols can serve as a foundation for preparing and isolating engineered EVs. In summary, the utilization of natural EVs presents a vast array of opportunities in the fields of biotechnology, biomedicine, and food nutrition.
Funder
Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program