1. Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan 48109‐2099 USA
2. Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering National Central University Jhongli Taoyuan Taiwan
3. Department of Biologic and Materials Science, School of Dentistry University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan 48109‐1078 USA
4. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan 48109–2125 USA
5. Department of Surgery University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan 48109‐0329 USA