Aortic branches and rete mirabile of the limbs of two‐toed sloth (Choloepus didactylus)

Author:

Fernandes Natacha Cintia Ferreira1,Branco Érika2ORCID,Freire Elisa Carla Barra3,de Sousa Nogueira Lima André Luis4,Giese Elane Guerreiro2,Mesquita Ellen Yasmin Eguchi5ORCID,de Lima Ana Rita2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Doutoranda do Programa de Pós‐graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia (PPGSPAA)

2. Docente do Instituto de Saúde e Produção Animal (ISPA) na Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA) e do Programa de Pós‐graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia (PPGSPAA)

3. Instituto de Medicina Veterinária (IMV), Universidade Federal do Pará – UFPA Castanhal Pará Brazil

4. Médico Veterinário Autônomo Belém Pará Brazil

5. Universidade da Amazônia Belém Pará Brazil

Abstract

AbstractCholoepus didactylus has reduced metabolism and difficulty in thermoregulation owing to its low body mass, and there are few studies related to the vascularization of abdominal and thoracic organs in this species. Therefore, we macroscopically described the arteries that comprise the aortic arch, thoracic aorta, and abdominal aorta. Six specimens were used, and their arterial systems filled with red latex before fixation in 10% formaldehyde, and fragments of the rete mirabile were processed for histological analysis using light and scanning electron microscopy. In these species, the aortic arch had two branches: the brachiocephalic trunk and left subclavian artery. The initial portion of the abdominal aorta presented four different ramifications, besides to the peculiarities of the adrenal, renal, and iliac arteries. Microscopy of the rete mirabile revealed a muscular artery surrounded by smaller muscular arteries, veins, nerves, and lymphatic tissue joined by connective tissue. Thus, the data obtained have clinical and surgical importance, with applicability in procedures involving vascularization of the thoracic and abdominal organs. We suggest that the rete mirabile is an efficient thermoregulatory structure because it allows the accumulation of blood and the countercurrent heat exchange, as there is no blood mixing.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics,Histology,Biotechnology,Anatomy

Reference47 articles.

1. Xenarthra

2. Albuquerque P. V.(2017).Ramos do Arco aórtico e da Aorta Descendente em Bicho‐Preguiça(Bradypus variegatus Schinz. 1825). [Master's thesis Rural Federal University of Pernambuco]. VHL Regional Portal.

3. Ramos do arco aórtico e da aorta torácica em bicho-preguiça (Bradypus variegatus)

4. Intestine vascularization of sloth (Bradypus variegatus SCHINZ, 1825)

5. Anatomic Study of The Collateral Branches of The Abdominal Aorta of Primate SpeciesSaguinus niger

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