1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering the Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hung Hom Hong Kong China
2. Water Desalination and Reuse Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Thuwal Saudi Arabia
3. National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University Nanjing China