Multiplicative effect of stress and poor sleep quality on periodontitis: A university‐based cross‐sectional study

Author:

Marruganti Crystal1ORCID,Gaeta Carlo1,Romandini Mario2ORCID,Ferrari Cagidiaco Edoardo1,Parrini Stefano3,Discepoli Nicola1,Grandini Simone1

Affiliation:

1. Unit of Periodontology Endodontology and Restorative Dentistry Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of Siena Siena Italy

2. Department of Periodontology Faculty of Dentistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway

3. Unit of Oral Surgery Department of Medical Biotechnologies University of Siena Siena Italy

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association of perceived stress and poor sleep quality with periodontitis in a university‐based cohort of individuals.MethodsA total of 235 individuals were included in this cross‐sectional study. Perceived stress and sleep quality were evaluated through validated questionnaires, while periodontitis was identified with a full‐mouth periodontal examination protocol using both European Federation of Periodontology/American Academy of Periodontology (EFP/AAP) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)/AAP case definitions. Simple and multiple linear and ordinal logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between perceived stress and sleep quality with periodontitis prevalence and severity.ResultsStage III/IV periodontitis resulted associated with both moderate/high perceived stress (odds ratio [OR] = 5.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.2–13.5; p < 0.001) and poor sleep quality (OR = 3.0; 95% CI: 1.2–7.4; p < 0.05). The interaction between moderate/high perceived stress and poor sleep quality presented a multiplicative association with stage III/IV periodontitis (EFP/AAP; OR = 5.8; 95% CI: 1.6–21.3; p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated a similar trend of association also with linear periodontal parameters, that is, mean clinical attachment level (CAL) and mean probing pocket depth (PPD).ConclusionsThe findings from the present study suggest that stress and poor sleep quality may exert a multiplicative effect on periodontitis prevalence and severity.

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Periodontics,General Medicine

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