Polymorphism‐driven Distinct Nanomechanical, Optical, Photophysical, and Conducting Properties in a Benzothiophene‐quinoline

Author:

Bejoymohandas K. S.12ORCID,Redhu Ashish3,Sharma Chithra H.4ORCID,SeethaLekshmi Sunil1ORCID,Divya I. S.15ORCID,Kiran M. S. R. N.6ORCID,Thalakulam Madhu4ORCID,Monti Filippo2ORCID,Nair Rajesh V.3ORCID,Varughese Sunil15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Chemical Science and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695019 India

2. Institute for Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity (ISOF) National Research Council of Italy (CNR) Via P. Gobetti 101 I-40129 Bologna Italy

3. Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Ropar Punjab 140001 India

4. School of Physics Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Thiruvananthapuram Kerala 695551 India

5. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India

6. Department of Physics and Nanotechnology SRM Institute of Science and Technology Chennai 603203 India

Abstract

AbstractPolymorphic forms of organic conjugated small molecules, with their unique molecular shapes, packing arrangements, and interaction patterns, provide an excellent opportunity to uncover how their microstructures influence their observable properties. Ethyl‐2‐(1‐benzothiophene‐2‐yl)quinoline‐4‐carboxylate (BZQ) exists as dimorphs with distinct crystal habits – blocks (BZB) and needles (BZN). The crystal forms differ in their molecular arrangements – BZB has a slip‐stacked column‐like structure in contrast to a zig‐zag crystal packing with limited π‐overlap in BZN. The BZB crystals characterized by extended π‐stacking along [100] demonstrated semiconductor behavior, whereas the BZN, with its zig‐zag crystal packing and limited stacking characteristics, was reckoned as an insulator. Monotropically related crystal forms also differ in their nanomechanical properties, with BZB crystals being considerably softer than BZN crystals. This discrepancy in mechanical behavior can be attributed to the distinct molecular arrangements adopted by each crystal form, resulting in unique mechanisms to relieve the strain generated during nanoindentation experiments. Waveguiding experiments on the acicular crystals of BZN revealed the passive waveguiding properties. Excitation of these crystals using a 532 nm laser confirmed the propagation of elastically scattered photons (green) and the subsequent generation of inelastically scattered (orange) photons by the crystals. Further, the dimorphs display dissimilar photoluminescence properties; they are both blue‐emissive, but BZN displays twice the quantum yield of BZB. The study underscores the integral role of polymorphism in modulating the mechanical, photophysical, and conducting properties of functional molecular materials. Importantly, our findings reveal the existence of light‐emitting crystal polymorphs with varying electric conductivity, a relatively scarce phenomenon in the literature.

Funder

Science and Engineering Research Board

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

General Chemistry,Catalysis,Organic Chemistry

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