In Situ Detection of Nucleic Acids in Extracellular Vesicles via Membrane Fusion

Author:

Feng Jianzhou1,Gong Yanli2,Li Qianqian2,Yang Chaoyong213ORCID,An Yu1,Wu Lingling1

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Molecular Medicine Renji Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200127 P. R. China

2. College of Chemistry and Materials Science Shanghai Normal University Shanghai 200234 P. R. China

3. The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces Department of Chemical Biology College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian P. R. China

Abstract

AbstractExtracellular vesicles (EVs) carry diverse biomolecules (e. g., nucleic acids, proteins) for intercellular communication, serving as important markers for diseases. Analyzing nucleic acids derived from EVs enables non‐invasive disease diagnosis and prognosis evaluation. Membrane fusion, a fundamental cellular process wherein two lipid membranes merge, facilitates cell communication and cargo transport. Building on this natural phenomenon, recent years have witnessed the emergence of membrane fusion‐based strategies for the detection of nucleic acids within EVs. These strategies entail the encapsulation of detection probes within either artificial or natural vesicles, followed by the induction of membrane fusion with EVs to deliver probes. This innovative approach not only enables in situ detection of nucleic acids within EVs but also ensures the maintenance of structural integrity of EVs, thus preventing nucleic acid degradation and minimizing the interference from free nucleic acids. This concept categorizes approaches into universal and targeted membrane fusion strategies, and discusses their application potential, and challenges and future prospects.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Innovative Research Team of High-level Local University in Shanghai

Shanghai Rising-Star Program

Publisher

Wiley

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