Effects of physical activity on depressive symptoms in older caregivers: The IMPACCT randomized controlled trial

Author:

Loi Samantha M.12ORCID,Gaffy Ellen3ORCID,Malta Sue1,Russell Melissa A.1,Williams Susan3,Ames David134,Hill Keith D.5,Batchelor Frances13,Cyarto Elizabeth V.6,Haines Terence5,Lautenschlager Nicola T.17,Mackenzie Lynette8,Moore Kirsten J.13,Savvas Steven M.13,Dow Briony139

Affiliation:

1. Department of Psychiatry University of Melbourne Parkville Victoria Australia

2. Neuropsychiatry Centre Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia

3. National Ageing Research Institute Parkville Victoria Australia

4. St Georges Hospital Kew Victoria Australia

5. Rehabilitation Ageing and Independent Living (RAIL) Research Centre Monash University Melbourne Victoria Australia

6. Queensland University of Technology Brisbane Victoria Australia

7. Royal Melbourne Hospital Mental Health Services Royal Melbourne Hospital Parkville Victoria Australia

8. The University of Sydney Sydney New South Wales Australia

9. Deakin University Waurn Ponds Victoria Australia

Abstract

AbstractObjectivesPhysical activity (PA) can reduce depressive symptoms but has not been tested amongst depressed older caregivers and their care‐recipients. The aim of this single‐blind randomized controlled trial was to investigate the effect of a 6‐month tailored PA program on depressive symptoms in older caregivers.MethodCaregivers were included if they had scores of ≥5 on the 15‐item geriatric depression scale (GDS‐15). Care‐recipients could have any type of physical, mental or cognitive condition requiring support. The PA intervention group completed an individualized program based on the Otago‐Plus Exercise Program. The primary outcome was improvement in depressive symptoms in caregivers measured at six and 12 months.ResultsTwo hundred and twelve participants (91 dyads and 30 caregivers only) were randomized using a 3:3:1 ratio to PA intervention, social‐control, and usual‐care control groups. There were no significant differences in depressive symptoms of the caregivers between the three groups at 6 months or 12 months. However, more than 50% of caregivers in all three groups no longer had a GDS‐15 score ≥5 at 6 months. Further analysis revealed that caregivers in the PA group caring for someone with a standardised mini‐mental state examination (SMMSE) score ≥24 had significantly less depressive symptoms than those caring for someone with a SMMSE score <24 compared with social‐control (p < 0.02) and usual‐care groups (p < 0.02).ConclusionsA PA intervention may be beneficial for some caregivers in reducing symptoms of depression but may not be as beneficial to caregivers of people living with cognitive impairment.

Publisher

Wiley

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