Labor division of worker ants can be controlled by insulin synthesis targeted through miR‐279c‐5p in Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Abstract

AbstractBACKGROUNDIn social insects, the labor division of workers is ubiquitous and controlled by genetic and environmental factors. However, how they modulate this coordinately remains poorly understood.RESULTSWe report miR‐279c‐5p participation in insulin synthesis and behavioral transition by negatively regulating Rab8A in Solenopsis invicta. Eusocial specific miR‐279c‐5p is age‐associated and highly expressed in nurse workers, and localized in the cytoplasm of neurons, where it is partly co‐localized with its target, Rab8A. We determined that miR‐279c‐5p agomir suppressed Rab8A expression in forager workers, consequently decreasing insulin content, resulting in the behavioral shift to ‘nurse‐like’ behaviors, while the decrease in miR‐279c‐5p increased Rab8A expression and increased insulin content in nurse workers, leading to the behavioral shift to ‘foraging‐like’ behaviors. Moreover, insulin could rescue the ‘foraging behavior’ induced by feeding miR‐279c‐5p to nurse workers. The overexpression and suppression of miR‐279c‐5p in vivo caused an obvious behavioral transition between foragers and nurses, and insulin synthesis was affected by miR‐279c‐5p by regulating the direct target Rab8A.CONCLUSIONWe first report that miR‐279c‐5p is a novel regulator that promotes labor division by negatively regulating the target gene Rab8A by controlling insulin production in ants. This miRNA‐mediated mechanism is significant for understanding the behavioral plasticity of social insects between complex factors and potentially provides new targets for controlling red imported fire ants. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.