Affiliation:
1. School of Engineering The University of Edinburgh Kings Building Edinburgh EH93FB United Kingdom
2. Manufacturing Unit CSIRO Australia Gate 3 Normanby Road VIC 3141
3. Energy Business Unit CSIRO Australia Kensington WA 6151 Australia
Abstract
AbstractHypercrosslinked polymers (HCPs) are widely used in ion exchange, water purification, and gas separation. However, HCP synthesis typically requires hazardous halogenated solvents e. g., dichloroethane, dichloromethane and chloroform which are toxic to human health and environment. Herein we hypothesize that the use of halogenated solvents in HCP synthesis can be overcome with deep eutectic solvents (DES) comprising metal halides–FeCl3, ZnCl2 that can act as both the solvent hydrogen bond donor and catalyst for polymer crosslinking via Friedel Crafts alkylation. We validated our hypothesis by synthesizing HCPs in DESs via internal and external crosslinking strategies. [ChCl][ZnCl2]2 and [ChCl][FeCl3]2 was more suitable for internal and external hypercrosslinking, respectively. The specific surface areas of HCPs synthesized in DES were 20–60 % lower than those from halogenated solvents, but their CO2/N2 selectivities were up to 453 % higher (CO2/N2 selectivity of poly‐α,α’‐dichloro‐p‐xylene synthesized in [ChCl][ZnCl2]2 via internal crosslinking reached a value of 105). This was attributed to the narrower pore size distributions of HCPs synthesized in DESs.