Affiliation:
1. BIOLab Research Group Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa UdR INSTM Pisa Via Moruzzi 13 Pisa 56124 Italy
2. Fabrica Machinale Via Giuntini 13, Cascina Pisa 56021 Italy
Abstract
AbstractTissue engineering represents an advanced therapeutic approach for the treatment of bone tissue defects. Polyhydroxyalkanoates are a promising class of natural polymers in this context thanks to their biocompatibility, processing versatility, and mechanical properties. The aim of this study is the development by computer‐aided wet‐spinning of novel poly(3‐hydroxybutyrate‐co‐3‐hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV)‐based composite scaffolds for bone engineering. In particular, PHBV scaffolds are loaded with hydroxyapatite (HA), an osteoinductive ceramic, in order to tailor their biological activity and mechanical properties. PHBV blending with poly(lactide‐co‐glycolide) (PLGA) is also explored to increase the processing properties of the polymeric mixture used for composite scaffold fabrication. Different HA percentages, up to 15% wt., can be loaded into the PHBV or PHBV/PLGA scaffolds without compromising their interconnected porous architecture, as well as the polymer morphological and thermal properties, as demonstrated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. In addition, HA loading results in increased scaffold compressive stiffness to levels comparable to those of trabecular bone tissue, as well as in higher in vitro MC3T3‐E1 cell viability and production of mineralized extracellular matrix, in comparison to what observed for unloaded scaffolds. The observed mechanical and biological properties suggest the suitability of the developed scaffolds for bone engineering.