Influence of energy storage system in nanogrid under dynamic conditions with frequency‐based current controller for battery storage

Abstract

AbstractMaintaining a stable voltage level at the DC bus is crucial to safeguard equipment, ensure a consistent power supply, and enhance system efficiency. A combination of battery storage and photovoltaic (PV) systems is often employed to maintain an equilibrium between energy supply and demand and keep the DC bus voltage within optimal levels. Nonetheless, frequent and rapid charging and discharging of battery storage in dynamic conditions can negatively impact its lifespan. To address this issue, this study utilizes the application of a frequency‐based current controller in battery storage that facilitates smooth charging and discharging operations in transient conditions. The study evaluates the performance of a grid‐tied PV‐based nanogrid (GT‐PVN) system with three distinct configurations: (a) PV system without storage, (b) PV system with battery storage, and (c) PV system with hybrid energy storage system (HESS) under varying dynamic load and irradiance conditions. The results show that the transient performance on DC bus voltage with battery integration is efficiently improved by 0.3%‐0.5% under dynamic irradiance conditions and 0.5%‐1.17% under dynamic load conditions. Further, with HESS installation, the DC bus voltage transients are improved by 0.85%‐1.25% under dynamic irradiance conditions and 0.5%‐1.5% under dynamic load conditions. Moreover, energy storage technology implementation has the potential to decrease energy procurement from the grid by up to 80%. These findings highlight the potential of energy storage technology in mitigating the intermittency and dynamic operational challenges faced by PV systems.