1. Department of Surgery; Graduate School of Medicine; Kyoto University; 54 Kawahara-cho, Syogoin, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 Japan
2. Department of Surgery; Osaka Red Cross Hospital; Osaka Japan
3. Department of Surgery; Shiga Medical Center for Adults; Moriyama Shiga Japan
4. Department of Surgery; Tenri Yorozu Hospital; Tenri Nara Japan
5. Department of Surgery; Kitano Hospital; Osaka Japan
6. Department of Surgery; Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital; Kobe Hyogo Japan
7. Department of Surgery; Kyoto Katsura Hospital; Kyoto Japan
8. Department of Surgery; Kokura Memorial Hospital; Fukuoka Japan