Lansoprazole: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Lansoprazole is the second member of the substituted benzimidazole class of antisecretory agents approved for use in the United States. These drugs decrease parietal cell acid secretion by inhibiting H+,K+‐adenosine triphosphatase, the final step in the secretion of acid. Lansoprazole has been studied extensively for the short‐term treatment of duodenal and gastric ulcers, reflux esophagitis, and Helicobacter pylori‐positive peptic ulcer disease; long‐term treatment of Zollinger‐Ellison syndrome; and maintenance treatment of erosive esophagitis. A dosage of 30 mg/day produced higher healing rates and equivalent or faster relief of ulcer symptoms than ranitidine or famotidine in patients with duodenal or gastric ulcers and reflux esophagitis. Compared with omeprazole 20 mg/day, that dosage provided faster epigastric pain relief in these patients after 1 week, although healing rates for the two agents were equivalent at 4 and 8 weeks. In patients with peptic ulcer refractory to 8‐week therapy with histamine2‐receptor antagonists, healing rates were not significantly different between lansoprazole and omeprazole. In patients with Zollinger‐Ellison syndrome, lansoprazole was superior to histamine2‐receptor antagonists and was similar in efficacy, safety, and duration of action to omeprazole. Combinations of lansoprazole or omeprazole with one or two antibiotics produced equivalent eradication of H. pylori. In clinical trials, lansoprazole was well tolerated, with frequency of adverse effects similar to that reported with ranitidine, famotidine, and omeprazole.