Association between monoclonal antibody therapy, vaccination, and longer‐term symptom resolution after acute COVID‐19

Abstract

AbstractEffective therapies for reducing post‐acute sequelae of COVID‐19 (PASC) symptoms are lacking. Evaluate the association between monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment or COVID‐19 vaccination with symptom recovery in COVID‐19 participants. The longitudinal survey‐based cohort study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2022 across a multihospital Colorado health system. Adults ≥18 years with a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test were included. Primary exposures were mAb treatment and COVID‐19 vaccination. The primary outcome was time to symptom resolution after SARS‐CoV‐2 positive test date. The secondary outcome was hospitalization within 28 days of a positive SARS‐CoV‐2 test. Analysis included 1612 participants, 539 mAb treated, and 486 with ≥2 vaccinations. Time to symptom resolution was similar between mAb treated versus untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.90, 95% CI: 0.77−1.04). Time to symptom resolution was shorter for patients who received ≥2 vaccinations compared to those unvaccinated (aHR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.31−1.88). 28‐day hospitalization risk was lower for patients receiving mAb therapy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19−0.50) and ≥2 vaccinations (aOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.20−0.55), compared with untreated or unvaccinated status. Analysis included 1612 participants, 539 mAb treated, and 486 with ≥2 vaccinations. Time to symptom resolution was similar between mAb treated versus untreated patients (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR): 0.90, 95% CI: 0.77−1.04). Time to symptom resolution was shorter for patients who received ≥2 vaccinations compared to those unvaccinated (aHR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.31−1.88). 28‐day hospitalization risk was lower for patients receiving mAb therapy (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.31, 95% CI: 0.19−0.50) and ≥2 vaccinations (aOR: 0.33, 95% CI: 0.20−0.55), compared with untreated or unvaccinated status. COVID‐19 vaccination, but not mAb therapy, was associated with a shorter time to symptom resolution. Both were associated with lower 28‐day hospitalization.