Smouldering‐Associated Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis: An International Consensus Statement on Definition, Biology, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Smouldering‐Associated Worsening in Multiple Sclerosis: An International Consensus Statement on Definition, Biology, Clinical Implications, and Future Directions

Published:2024-07-25 Issue: Volume: Page:
ISSN:0364-5134
Container-title:Annals of Neurology
language:en
Short-container-title:Annals of Neurology

Author:

Scalfari Antonio¹^ORCID,Traboulsee Anthony²,Oh Jiwon³,Airas Laura⁴,Bittner Stefan⁵^ORCID,Calabrese Massimiliano⁶^ORCID,Garcia Dominguez Jose Manuel⁷,Granziera Cristina⁸⁹,Greenberg Benjamin¹⁰,Hellwig Kerstin¹¹,Illes Zsolt¹²^ORCID,Lycke Jan¹³,Popescu Veronica¹⁴,Bagnato Francesca¹⁵¹⁶^ORCID,Giovannoni Gavin¹⁷

Affiliation:

1. Center of Neuroscience, Department of Medicine Charing Cross Hospital, Imperial College London UK

2. University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

3. Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto Toronto Canada

4. University of Turku and Turku University Hospital Turku Finland

5. Department of Neurology Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN) and Immunotherapy (FZI), Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (Rmn2), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Mainz Germany

6. University Hospital of Verona Verona Italy

7. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón Madrid Spain

8. Translational Imaging in Neurology (THiNK) Basel, Department of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel Basel Switzerland

9. Department of Neurology and MS Center University Hospital Basel Research Center for Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neuroscience Basel (RC2NB) Basel Switzerland

10. University of Texas Southwestern Dallas TX USA

11. St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum Bochum Germany

12. Department of Neurology Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark Odense Denmark

13. Department of Neuroscience and Physiology Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden

14. University MS Centre Pelt‐Hasselt, Noorderhart Hospital, Belgium Hasselt University Pelt Belgium

15. Neuroimaging Unit, Neuroimmunology Division, Department of Neurology Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA

16. Department of Neurology VA Hospital, TN Valley Healthcare System Nashville TN USA

17. Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London London UK

Abstract

Despite therapeutic suppression of relapses, multiple sclerosis (MS) patients often experience subtle deterioration, which extends beyond the definition of “progression independent of relapsing activity.” We propose the concept of smouldering‐associated‐worsening (SAW), encompassing physical and cognitive symptoms, resulting from smouldering pathological processes, which remain unmet therapeutic targets. We provide a consensus‐based framework of possible pathological substrates and manifestations of smouldering MS, and we discuss clinical, radiological, and serum/cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for potentially monitoring SAW. Finally, we share considerations for optimizing disease surveillance and implications for clinical trials to promote the integration of smouldering MS into routine practice and future research efforts. ANN NEUROL 2024

Funder

Sanofi

Publisher

Wiley

Link

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ana.27034

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