Whole blood stimulation as a tool for studying the human immune system

Author:

Müller Sophie123ORCID,Kröger Charlotte13ORCID,Schultze Joachim L.134ORCID,Aschenbrenner Anna C.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Systems Medicine Deutsches Zentrum für Neurodegenerative Erkrankungen (DZNE) e.V. Bonn Germany

2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology The University of Melbourne at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity Melbourne Victoria Australia

3. Genomics & Immunoregulation, Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute University of Bonn Bonn Germany

4. PRECISE Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics DZNE and University of Bonn Bonn Germany

Abstract

AbstractThe human immune system is best accessible via tissues and organs not requiring major surgical intervention, such as blood. In many circumstances, circulating immune cells correlate with an individual's health state and give insight into physiological and pathophysiological processes. Stimulating whole blood ex vivo is a powerful tool to investigate immune responses. In the context of clinical research, the applications of whole blood stimulation include host immunity, disease characterization, diagnosis, treatment, and drug development. Here, we summarize different setups and readouts of whole blood assays and discuss applications for preclinical research and clinical practice. Finally, we propose combining whole blood stimulation with high‐throughput technologies, such as single‐cell RNA‐sequencing, to comprehensively analyze the human immune system for the identification of biomarkers, therapeutic interventions as well as companion diagnostics.

Funder

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung

HORIZON EUROPE European Research Council

Publisher

Wiley

Subject

Immunology,Immunology and Allergy

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