Fabrication and characterization of Hypecoum pendulum‐assisted novel bio‐inspired silver nanoparticles and their antioxidant, anti‐diabetic, and anti‐Alzheimer properties

Abstract

This research aims to study the biogenic synthesis and characterization of Hypecoum pendulum extract‐induced silver nanoparticles (HP‐AgNPs) and to investigate its antioxidant, anti‐alpha‐amylase, and anti‐acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities. UV spectrometry at 417 nm with an surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak of 1.54 confirmed the biosynthesis of HP‐AgNPs. X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis demonstrated that HP‐AgNPs are crystalline with a 36 nm size. The average size of 80 nm was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The functional moieties bearing compounds accountable for the encapsulation and stability of HP‐AgNPs were assessed by the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique. Energy dispersive X‐ray (EDX) demonstrated that silver was the main element (49%) of HP‐AgNPs. HP‐AgNPs showed the promising antioxidant potential of ABTS (71.57%), diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 69.46%), H2O2 (66.94%), ferric chloride (73.71%), and ammonium molybdenum (65.7%). HP‐AgNPs exhibited significant enzymatic inhibition potential with IC50 of 48.8 ± 4.03 μg/mL (α‐amylase) and 51.78 ± 3.16 μg/mL (AChE). Kinetics studies showed that HP‐AgNPs produced mixed‐type inhibition against α‐amylase (Km increased from 40.65 to 131.44%, whereas Vmax decreased from 4.14 to 9.77%) and non‐competitive‐type inhibition (Vmax decreased from 17.05 to 62.03% and Km remain constant) against AChE. Finally, it may be concluded that HP‐AgNPs may possess anti‐Alzheimer, anti‐diabetic, and antioxidant capabilities.